硫化汞

  • 基本信息
  • 制备方法及用途
  • 物化性质
  • 安全信息
  • 毒理性
  • MSDS
  • 结构与计算化学

硫化汞 基本信息

中文名称:
硫化汞 
中文别名:
硫化汞;
硫化汞(II) 
英文名称:
Mercury sulfide (HgS)
英文别名:
Mercury(II) Sulfide;
Mercury(II) sulfide red;
MERCURY(II) SULFIDE;
Mercuric sulfide red 
CAS No.:
1344-48-5
分 子 式:
HgS
分 子 量:
232.65
精确分子量:
233.94300
PSA:
32.09000
MDL:
MFCD00011046
EINECS:
215-696-3
InChI:
The Key: QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
危险品标志:
DangerousNToxicT
风险术语:
R50/53;R33;R36;R23/24/25
安全术语:
S60;S61;S45;S36/37/39;S26
分子结构式:
SDS:
查看

硫化汞 制备方法及用途

制备方法

干法(升华法)生产。反应方程式: Hg+S→HgS黑 汞与按反应式计算过量约15%~20%的硫黄粉在140~160℃熔融反应,生成黑色硫化汞,反应时适当搅拌,将物料翻起,增加汞与硫的接触面积。硫与汞的化合是放热反应,因此在反应过程中要及时降温,以免硫自燃。 在隔绝空气时,于600~650℃时,黑色的硫化汞可升华为红色硫化汞。将升华的红色硫化汞取出后破碎成80~100目细度后,加入适量水在石磨机或球磨机中研磨面颜料浆。 利用重力沉降原理,把颜料浆内粒径悬殊的原理粒子进行分离,收集一定粒径范围内的颜料粒子。分离时加入干物料重量1~1.2倍的水和0.5%~0.7%的水溶性表面活性剂,充分搅拌使其分散成为悬浊液。静置1~1.5h后,比银朱粒径大的粗粒受到重力作用很快沉降下来,银朱和比银朱粒径更小的粒子由于受到表面活性剂的吸附作用成为悬浮状态,沉降速度就慢得多。保持每一次相同的沉降时间就能收集到相同粒径范围的粒子,使各批次产品色调达到一致。沉降分离后,将上层悬浮液送到漂洗池漂池,沉在分离池底的粗颗粒吸干水分后与经破碎后的红色硫化汞混合均匀返回研磨。返磨的粗颗粒约占研磨物料重量的55%~60%。 漂洗时加入1.2~1.5倍体积的水,充分搅拌后经24h沉淀,由于表面活性剂稀释后作用减弱,银朱颜料在漂洗池沉降下来,放去漂洗水,取出银朱在90~100℃烘干、粉碎便得成品。制得的银朱粒径大约在5~15μm范围内。 温法生产。反应方程式: Hg+Na2Sx→Na2Sx-1 +HgS黑 x>3 HgS黑[Na2S(x-1)]→HgS红 汞与Na2Sx在45~60℃下长时间反应生成黑色硫化汞后,同时又在Na2S(x-1)中溶解,生成Na2[HgS2]?5H2O。当溶解达饱和后,Na2[HgS2]?5H2O在S2-的影响下,晶格重新排列转变成红色硫化汞。

合成制备方法

1.硫汞法先将硫黄加热熔化,再按比例加入汞进行搅拌,并加少许水,成黑色颗粒。然后焙烧于600℃升华,将升华物冷却,制得硫化汞产品。其反应式如下:Hg+SHgS

2.往氯化汞水溶液中加入过量的硫化铵或硫化钠后,用盐酸调为酸性,并煮沸之。将产生的沉淀用玻璃过滤器过滤,然后用蒸馏水将沉淀洗涤干净,于105℃下干燥,得到黑色硫化汞。经升华即成红色硫化汞。

3.将汞与硫磺在真空中封入耐高温玻璃管内,用油浴加热至240℃以上,反应3h,在冷却后加入浓硝酸,然后再加入二硫化碳,以除去未反应的汞和硫磺。这样即可得到HgS。

用途简介

鲜艳的红色颜料,主要用于室内涂料。也作用生漆、印泥、印油和绘画等的红色颜料。天然硫化汞是制造汞的主要原料。也用于彩色封蜡、塑料、橡胶和医药及防腐剂等方面。

用途

天然硫化汞是制造汞的主要原料,也用作生漆、印泥、印油和绘画等的红色颜料。也用于彩色封蜡、塑料、橡胶和医药及防腐剂等方面。

硫化汞 物化性质

外观与性状:
固体
密度:
8.1 g/mL at 25ºC
熔点:
584ºC
沸点:
584ºC
存储条件/存储方法:
库房低温,通风,干燥
稳定性相关:

如果遵照规格使用和储存则不会分解,未有已知危险反应,避免氧化物。

不溶于水、醇和硝酸,能溶于碱金属和碱土金属硫化物的浓溶液。极毒!

α和β型硫化汞在360℃时达到平衡,当温度超过410℃时α型迅速转化为β型,但在室温条件下β型仍可长期保持不变。HgS在水中几乎不溶,在氨和有机溶剂中也不溶。它与大多数的酸不反应,但在浓的氢溴酸,氢碘酸中溶解并生成相应的卤化物。HgS能溶于碱金属硫化物的溶液中。

其它信息:

1.       性状:红色的硫化汞(α型)为六方晶系,黑色的硫化汞(β型)为立方晶系。

2.       密度(g/mL,25/4℃): 8.10

3.       相对蒸汽密度(g/mL,空气=1):未确定

4.       熔点(ºC):1450

5.       沸点(ºC,常压):未确定

6.       沸点(ºC,5.2kPa): 未确定

7.       折射率: 未确定

8.       闪点(ºC): 未确定

9.       比旋光度(º): 未确定

10.    自燃点或引燃温度(ºC): 未确定

11.    蒸气压(kPa,25ºC): 未确定

12.    饱和蒸气压(kPa,60ºC): 未确定

13.    燃烧热(KJ/mol):未确定

14.    临界温度(ºC): 未确定

15.    临界压力(KPa): 未确定

16.    油水(辛醇/水)分配系数的对数值: 未确定

17.    爆炸上限(%,V/V):未确定

18.    爆炸下限(%,V/V): 未确定

19.    溶解性:难溶于水,溶于硫酸钠浓溶液,不溶于醇和硝酸。

硫化汞 安全信息

包装等级:
II
风险类别:
6.1
危险类别码:
R50/53
安全说明:
61-60-45-36/37/39-26
安全标志:
S26:万一接触眼睛,立即使用大量清水冲洗并送医诊治。
S28:接触皮肤之后,立即使用大量皂液洗涤。
S45:出现意外或者感到不适,立刻到医生那里寻求帮助(最好带去产品容器标签)。
S60:本物质残余物和容器必须作为危险废物处理。
S61:避免排放到环境中。参考专门的说明/安全数据表。
:
危险标志:
N-T

硫化汞 毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
OX0720000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Mercury sulfide
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
1344-48-5
LAST UPDATED :
199701
DATA ITEMS CITED :
3
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
Hg-S

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
195 mg/kg/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - evidence of thyroid hypofunction
REFERENCE :
BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,847,1992 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - M1643 No. of Facilities: 13 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 98 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

  多剂量毒性数据:小鼠口经TDLo:195mg/kg/4W-I

生态数据:

对是水稍微有危害的不要让未稀释或大量的产品接触地下水、水道或者污水系统,若无政府许可,勿将材料排入周围环境。

硫化汞 MSDS

Name: Mercury(II) sulfide red 99.5+% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym: Vermilion; Chinese Red; C.I. Pigment 106; C.I. 7776
CAS: 1344-48-5
Section 1 - Chemical Product   MSDS Name:Mercury(II) sulfide red 99.5+% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:Vermilion; Chinese Red; C.I. Pigment 106; C.I. 7776

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS#
1344-48-5 Mercury(II) sulfide, red 99.5+% 215-696-3
Hazard Symbols: T+
Risk Phrases: 26/27/28 33

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
  EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
Danger of cumulative effects.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation.
Skin:
May cause skin irritation. May be fatal if absorbed through the skin.
Ingestion:
May be fatal if swallowed. May cause irritation of the digestive tract. May cause central nervous system effects.
Inhalation:
May be fatal if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Chronic:
May cause kidney injury. Chronic exposure to mercury may cause permanent central nervous system damage, fatigue, weight loss, tremors, personality changes.

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
  Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin:
Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask.
Notes to Physician:
Antidote: The use of Dimercaprol or BAL (British Anti-Lewisite) as a chelating agent should be determined by qualified medical personnel.

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
  General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion.
Extinguishing Media:
Substance is noncombustible; use agent most appropriate to extinguish surrounding fire.

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
  General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Wash area with soap and water. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating dusty conditions.

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
  Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Use only in a chemical fume hood.
Storage:
Do not store in direct sunlight. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Poison room locked.

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
  Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.
Exposure Limits CAS# 1344-48-5: United States OSHA: 0.1 mg/m3 Ceiling (listed under Mercury, ary and inorganic compounds).
Belgium - TWA: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): 0.025 mg/ VLE (as Hg) France - VME: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): 0.1 mg/m3 (as Hg) Germany: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): 0.1 mg/m3 VME ( Hg) Germany: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): Skin absorber Malaysia: (listed as mercury, aryl and inorganic compounds): 0.1 mg/m3 TWA (as Hg) Netherlands: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): 0.15 mg/m3 Netherlands: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): 0.05 mg/m3 Russia: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): 0.2 mg/m3 TWA (a Hg) Russia: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): 0.05 mg/m3 STEL Hg) Spain: (listed as mercury inorganic compounds): 0.025 mg/m3 VLA-E (as Hg) Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
 
Physical State: Powder
Color: bright red - red
Odor: none reported
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Freezing/Melting Point: 583.5 deg C subl
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Point: Not available.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water: Insoluble.
Specific Gravity/Density: 8.1000g/cm3
Molecular Formula: HgS
Molecular Weight: 232.65

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
  Chemical Stability:
May decompose when exposed to light.
Conditions to Avoid:
Light, dust generation, temperatures above 250C.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, acids.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Oxides of sulfur, mercury/mercury oxides.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  RTECS#:
CAS# 1344-48-5: OX0720000 LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Carcinogenicity:
Mercury(II) sulfide, red - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
 

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
  Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION
 
IATA
Shipping Name: MERCURY COMPOUND, SOLID, N.O.S.
Hazard Class: 6.1
UN Number: 2025
Packing Group: III
IMO
Shipping Name: MERCURY COMPOUND, SOLID, N.O.S.
Hazard Class: 6.1
UN Number: 2025
Packing Group: III
RID/ADR
Shipping Name: MERCURY COMPOUND, SOLID, N.O.S.
Hazard Class: 6.1
UN Number: 2025
Packing group: III

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
 
European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: T+
Risk Phrases:
R 26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with
skin and if swallowed.
R 33 Danger of cumulative effects.
Safety Phrases:
S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves
and eye/face protection.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 1344-48-5: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 1344-48-5 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 1344-48-5 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 1344-48-5 is listed on the TSCA inventory.


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

硫化汞 分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:无可用的

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):无可用的

3、等张比容(90.2K):无可用的

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):无可用的

5、介电常数:无可用的

6、极化率(10-24cm3):无可用的

7、单一同位素质量:233.94267 Da

8、标称质量:234 Da

9、平均质量:232.655 Da

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:1

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积32.1

7.重原子数量:2

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:2

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

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