硫磺

  • 基本信息
  • 制备方法及用途
  • 物化性质
  • 安全信息
  • 毒理性
  • MSDS
  • 结构与计算化学
  • 下游产品

硫磺 基本信息

中文名称:
硫磺 
中文别名:
硫磺;
升华硫;
高纯硫;
磺黄粉;
沉降硫;
硫;
高纯硫/升华硫;
S8 
英文名称:
Sulfur
英文别名:
Sulfur;
Agri-Sul;
Asulfa-Supra;
Atomic sulfur;
Bensulfoid;
Bostex 410;
Brimstone;
Colloidal sulfur;
Cosan;
Cosan 80;
Cosavet;
Cosavet Fertis;
Crystex;
Crystex HD-OT 20;
Crystex HS-OT 20;
Crystex N;
Crystex OT 20;
Crystex OT 33;
Crystex Sulfur;
DN Neosulphur W;
Delmite;
Devisulphur;
Dispersul;
Durasul;
EC(RM-S) 80;
Elosal;
Flowers of sulfur;
Flowers of sulphur;
GSS;
Gofrativ;
Gold Flower;
Golden Flower;
Ground vocle sulphur;
H 10;
HD-OT 20;
HIS 7020;
HK 200-5;
HS-OT 20;
Heliosoufre;
Hexasul;
Hosoi 200;
IS 60;
IS 60 (sulfur);
IS 60/G;
IS 6005;
IS 6010;
IS 6030;
IS 6033;
IS 7020;
IS 75;
IS 80;
IS 90;
IS-HS 6033;
IS-HS 7020;
IS-HS 7520;
IS-OT 20;
Kolo 100;
Kumulus;
Kumulus DF;
Kumulus FL;
Kumulus S;
Lansul;
Liquamat;
MC 98;
MXP;
Magnetic 6;
Mahadhan Bensulf;
Micowetsulf;
Micronite;
Microsulf;
Microsulfo;
Microthiol;
Microthiol Disperss;
Microthiol Special;
Midas 101;
Midas 105;
Mitex-S;
Mu-cron HS-OT 20;
Mu-cron OT;
Mu-cron OT 20;
Mu-cron OT-F;
Mylox;
Necator;
OT 10;
OT 10 (sulfur);
OT 20;
PMC;
PTC;
PTC (sulfur);
Polsinex 20;
Polsinex 33;
Polsinex N;
Polsulkol Extra;
Precipitated sulfur;
Precipitated sulphur;
RM;
RM 104G;
RM 98D;
RS 6033;
Rhenogran IS 60-75;
Rhenogran S 80;
Rubermaker's Sulfur 104G;
S 80;
S 80 (sulfur);
S 801 (sulfur);
S 9990;
SU 120;
SU 120 (sulfur);
SU 135-75;
Safer Garden Sulfur;
Sanfel EX;
Sastid;
Seimi OT;
Seimi Sulfur;
Seymezal;
Share;
Shreesul;
Siarkol Extra;
Sickosul;
Sira;
Sofril;
Soufre H 10;
Spersul;
Struktol SU 109;
Struktol SU 135;
Sublimed sulfur;
CAS No.:
7704-34-9
分 子 式:

S

分 子 量:
256.52
精确分子量:
31.97207
PSA:
202.40000
MDL:
MFCD00085316
EINECS:
231-722-6
InChI:
InChI=1/S
危险品标志:

FlammableF

风险术语:

R11

安全术语:

S16;S26

分子结构式:
SDS:
查看

硫磺 制备方法及用途

制备方法

1.高炉法:将硫铁矿、煤、石英及石灰石四种原料加人高炉,在燃烧中产生的炉气经除尘器除去固体粉尘,进人转化器,再进人冷凝器及泡罩塔。冷凝器及泡罩塔产生的液体硫黄经过滤、冷凝即得硫黄块。2.沸腾焙烧低浓度二氧化硫白煤(或半水煤气)还原法:硫铁矿经粉碎送人沸腾焙烧炉,与鼓人的空气混合燃烧,炉气与被加热的空气混合,进人还原炉中与加人的白煤(或通人的半水煤气)进行还原反应,再经转化器、冷凝器、泡罩塔后放空。液态硫由冷凝器、泡罩塔放出,经过滤、冷凝即得硫黄块。3.硫磺粉(硫磺华)的制造:将硫黄块或天然硫黄矿粉碎成细粉状,密闭后加热,待硫黄或天然硫黄矿熔融,继续升温,接近沸腾时,硫黄大量升华。升华的硫黄气迅速冷却至90℃以下,凝成细粉状的硫黄。将制得的升华硫黄粉迅速出料包装,即得成品。4.胶体硫的制造:胶体硫又称高分散性硫黄,平均粒径为1~3pm,沉降速度慢,分散均匀。将硫黄粉或沉淀硫黄与分散剂一起投人球磨机中或者胶体磨中,进行研磨。一直磨至平均粒径达到要求后,成为硫黄的糊状物即为胶体硫。

合成制备方法

(1)土法

用途简介

1.用于制造硫酸、液体二氧化硫、亚硫酸钠、二硫化碳、氯化亚砜、氧化铬绿等。染料工业用于生产硫化染料。也用于制造农药、爆竹。硫黄粉用作橡胶的硫化剂,也用于配制火柴药头。造纸工业用于蒸煮纸浆。还用于冶金、选矿、硬质合金的冶炼、制造炸药、化学纤维和制糖的漂白、铁路枕木的处理等。 2.在食品工业中用于防腐剂、杀虫剂、漂白粉等。我国规定只限于熏蒸品。 3.自然硫用于提炼硫黄和制造硫酸、染料及橡胶制品,也用于医药、农药等工业部门。 4.硫黄是一种传统的无机硫杀菌剂,具有杀菌和杀螨作用。可与代森锰锌、多菌灵等农药复配使用。但不能与硫酸铜等金属盐类药剂混用,否则将降低药效。 5.用于制造染料、农药、火柴、火药、橡胶、人造丝、药物等。

用途

1.用于制造硫酸、液体二氧化硫、亚硫酸钠、二硫化碳、氯化亚砜、氧化铬绿等。染料工业用于生产硫化染料。也用于制造农药、爆竹。硫黄粉用作橡胶的硫化剂,也用于配制火柴药头。造纸工业用于蒸煮纸浆。还用于冶金、选矿、硬质合金的冶炼、制造炸药、化学纤维和制糖的漂白、铁路枕木的处理等。

2.在食品工业中用于防腐剂、杀虫剂、漂白粉等。我国规定只限于熏蒸品。

3.自然硫用于提炼硫黄和制造硫酸、染料及橡胶制品,也用于医药、农药等工业部门。

4.硫黄是一种传统的无机硫杀菌剂,具有杀菌和杀螨作用。可与代森锰锌、多菌灵等农药复配使用。但不能与硫酸铜等金属盐类药剂混用,否则将降低药效。

5.用于制造染料、农药、火柴、火药、橡胶、人造丝、药物等。[20]

硫磺 物化性质

外观与性状:
黄色粉末
密度:
2.36
熔点:
114 °C
沸点:
445 °C
闪点:
168 °C
水溶解性:
Insoluble
折射率:
2.068
蒸汽密度:
8.9 (vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与食品原料分开储运
稳定性相关:

1.导电性和导热性都很差。易燃烧生成二氧化硫,燃烧温度一般为248~260 ℃,粉状硫黄燃烧温度只有190℃左右,燃烧时呈蓝色火焰。粉末在空气中或与氧化剂混合易发生燃烧,甚至爆炸。无毒。液体硫黄能溶解硫化氢,其溶解度随温度的升高而增加,温度下降硫化氢即析出而污染环境。生产人员工作时,要穿工作服、戴防毒口罩、乳胶手套。工作下班后必须洗淋浴,食用含有丰富蛋白质的食物。

2.熔点低,易燃烧,燃烧时发青蓝色火焰并有刺鼻的硫化氢臭味。无导电性,摩擦带负电。受热易发裂。易溶于二硫化碳、四氯化碳、松节油及石油等溶剂中,不溶于水、盐酸和硫酸,遇强硝酸和王水则被氧化成硫酸。主要产于火山岩和沉积岩中。自然硫有以下几种形成方式:(1)火山硫质喷气的结晶;(2)硫化氢不完全的氧化。

3.室温下储存在密闭的玻璃瓶中。硫粉尘有时会引起眼结膜炎,对过敏的皮肤有刺激作用,从而可能引起湿疹。长期吸入硫黄粉尘后,易出现疲劳、头痛、眩晕、消化不良等症状。工作人员应做好防护。硫黄粉尘易爆,850μm粒级硫黄粉尘,当浓度大于2.3g/m3时会爆炸。

4.稳定性[16]  稳定

5.禁配物[17]  强氧化剂、卤素、金属粉末

6.聚合危害[18]  不聚合

其它信息:

1.性状:淡黄色脆性结晶或粉末,有特殊臭味。[1]

2.熔点(℃):112.8~120[2]

3.沸点(℃):444.6[3]

4.相对密度(水=1):1.92~2.07[4]

5.饱和蒸气压(kPa):0.13(183.8℃)[5]

6.临界温度(℃):1040[6]

7.临界压力(MPa):11.75[7]

8.辛醇/水分配系数:0.23[8]

9.闪点(℃):207(CC)[9]

10.引燃温度(℃):232[10]

11.爆炸上限(%):1400g/m3[11]

12.爆炸下限(%):35g/m3[12]

13.溶解性:不溶于水,微溶于乙醇、乙醚,易溶于二硫化碳、苯、甲苯。[13]

硫磺 安全信息

包装等级:
III
风险类别:
4.1
海关代码:
28020000
WGK_Germany:
1
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单
危险类别码:
R11
安全说明:
S16-S26
RTECS号:
WS4250000
安全标志:
S16:远离火源。
S26:万一接触眼睛,立即使用大量清水冲洗并送医诊治。
危险标志:
F:Flammable

硫磺 毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
WS4250000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Sulfur
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
7704-34-9
LAST UPDATED :
199710
DATA ITEMS CITED :
17
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
32.06
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
S

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
REFERENCE :
ANCHAM Analytical Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC 20037) V.19- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,1411,1949 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>8437 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(5),48,1974
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
8 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,289,1940
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,289,1940
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
175 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,289,1940
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
5 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,289,1940
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
55 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,289,1940
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
1660 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 34(12),8,1990 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 70845 No. of Facilities: 21906 (estimated) No. of Industries: 211 No. of Occupations: 130 No. of Employees: 325858 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X1207 No. of Facilities: 145 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 156 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4235 No. of Facilities: 6 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 86 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 6 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4236 No. of Facilities: 238 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 1644 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 52 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 70845 No. of Facilities: 30280 (estimated) No. of Industries: 240 No. of Occupations: 157 No. of Employees: 599268 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 93685 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性[14]  LD50:>8437mg/kg(大鼠经口)

2.刺激性  暂无资料

3.其他[15]  LDLo:8mg/kg(大鼠静脉);175mg/kg(兔经口)

生态数据:

1.生态毒性   暂无资料

2.生物降解性  暂无资料

3.非生物降解性  暂无资料

硫磺 MSDS

第一部分:化学品名称

硫磺 分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:无可用的

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):无可用的

3、等张比容(90.2K):无可用的

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):无可用的

5、介电常数:无可用的

6、极化率(10-24cm3):无可用的

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):0.5

2.氢键供体数量:1

3.氢键受体数量:1

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积1

7.重原子数量:1

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:0

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

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