对苯二胺

  • 基本信息
  • 制备方法及用途
  • 物化性质
  • 安全信息
  • 毒理性
  • MSDS
  • 海关数据
  • 结构与计算化学
  • 上游产品
  • 下游产品
  • 表征图谱

对苯二胺 基本信息

中文名称:
对苯二胺 
中文别名:
对苯二胺;
对苯二氨;
乌尔斯D 
英文名称:
1,4-Benzenediamine
英文别名:
1,4-phenylenediamine;
1,4-Phenylenediamine;
p-Phenylenediamine;
benzene-1,4-diamine;
1,4-Diaminobenzene;
Benzene-1,4-diamine;
para-Phenylenediamine (PPD) 
CAS No.:
106-50-3
分 子 式:

C6H8N2

分 子 量:
108.14
精确分子量:
108.06900
PSA:
52.04000
MDL:
MFCD00007901
EINECS:
203-404-7
BRN:
742029
InChI:
InChI=1/C6H8N2/c7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5/h1-4H,7-8H2
危险品标志:

ToxicTDangerousNVeryT+HarmfulXn

风险术语:

R23/24/25;R36;R43;R50/53;R63;R36/37/38

安全术语:

S36/37;S45;S28;S60;S61;S24/25

分子结构式:
SDS:
查看

对苯二胺 制备方法及用途

制备方法

1.由对硝基苯胺在酸性介质中用铁粉还原而得。将铁粉投入盐酸中,加热至90℃,搅拌下加入对硝基苯胺。加毕,于95-100℃反应0.5h,然后再滴加浓盐酸,使还原反应完全。冷却后,用饱和碳酸钠溶液中和至PH7-8,煮沸后趁热过滤,用热水洗涤滤饼。将滤液与洗液合并,减压浓缩,冷却结晶或减压蒸馏,得对苯二胺,收率95%。 2.对二氯苯氨解法制备工艺1:向带有搅拌器的高压釜中加入氯化铜二水合物170g(0.01mol),然后冷却,搅拌下加入28%的氨水15g,再加入对二氯苯0.74g(0.005mol)。在210℃下反应6h。反应混合物中加入四氢呋喃50ml,过滤固体物,用四氢呋喃30ml充分洗涤,滤液和洗液合并,对苯二胺含量90%。制备工艺2:向带有搅拌器的高压釜中加入对二氯苯92.0份、氨127.7份、水127.7份(质量份)及氯化铜2.0份,在搅拌器下于200℃反应5h。反应完后,高压釜冷却到90℃,放出氨。反应产物中加入氢氧化钠水溶液105.4份,以中和游离胺。对二氯苯转化率为99.7%,对苯二胺选择性为92.4%。

合成制备方法

1.由对硝基苯胺在酸性介质中用铁粉还原而得。将铁粉投入盐酸中,加热至90℃,搅拌下加入对硝基苯胺。加毕,于95-100℃反应0.5h,然后再滴加浓盐酸,使还原反应完全。冷却后,用饱和碳酸钠溶液中和至PH7-8,煮沸后趁热过滤,用热水洗涤滤饼。将滤液与洗液合并,减压浓缩,冷却结晶或减压蒸馏,得对苯二胺,收率95%。

2.对二氯苯氨解法   制备工艺1:向带有搅拌器的高压釜中加入氯化铜二水合物170g(0.01mol),然后冷却,搅拌下加入28%的氨水15g,再加入对二氯苯0.74g(0.005mol)。在210℃下反应6h。反应混合物中加入四氢呋喃50ml,过滤固体物,用四氢呋喃30ml充分洗涤,滤液和洗液合并,对苯二胺含量90%。制备工艺2:向带有搅拌器的高压釜中加入对二氯苯92.0份、氨127.7份、水127.7份(质量份)及氯化铜2.0份,在搅拌器下于200℃反应5h。反应完后,高压釜冷却到90℃,放出氨。反应产物中加入氢氧化钠水溶液105.4份,以中和游离胺。对二氯苯转化率为99.7%,对苯二胺选择性为92.4%。

用途简介

作为染料中间体,环氧树脂固化剂,及橡胶防老剂DNP、DOP、DBP等的生产。本品主要用于制造偶氮染料和硫化染料等,也可用于毛皮染色(如毛皮黑D、毛皮蓝黑DB、毛皮棕N2等),还可作为化妆品染发剂染黑发的主要染料,并可用于橡胶防老剂DNP、DOP、DBP及显像剂等的生产。作为染料中间体,环氧树脂固化剂,及用于橡胶防老剂DNP、DOP、DBP等的生产。

用途

1.作为染料中间体,环氧树脂固化剂,及橡胶防老剂DNP、DOP、DBP等的生产。

2.本品主要用于制造偶氮染料和硫化染料等,也可用于毛皮染色(如毛皮黑D、毛皮蓝黑DB、毛皮棕N2等),还可作为化妆品染发剂染黑发的主要染料,并可用于橡胶防老剂DNP、DOP、DBP及显像剂等的生产。

3.作为染料中间体,环氧树脂固化剂,及用于橡胶防老剂DNP、DOP、DBP等的生产。[24]

对苯二胺 物化性质

外观与性状:
白色至淡紫色固体
密度:
1.15 g/cm3
熔点:
139 °C
沸点:
267 °C(lit.)
闪点:
156 °C
水溶解性:
47 g/L (25 ºC)
折射率:
1.66
蒸汽压:
0.00817mmHg at 25°C
蒸汽密度:
3.7 (vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、食品添加剂分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.有毒。其毒性与邻苯二胺基本相同。家兔口服致死量250mg/kg。详见邻苯二胺。

2.可经皮肤吸收或吸入粉尘而引起中毒,经皮肤吸收引起的中毒现象居多。它对皮肤的反应各不相同,急性严重的发疹性湿疹可达到背部、面部和腹部,并且有类似丹毒的痂皮。其粉尘对呼吸道的作用也各不相同,可以引起鼻炎、支气管炎、经常发烧、特有的喘息以及由于气管炎症而引起的迷走神经的紧张等症状。对家兔,经口最低致死量为300mg/kg。工作场所对苯二胺的最高容许浓度为0.1mg/m3。

3.稳定性[19]  稳定

4.禁配物[20]  强氧化剂、酸类、酰基氯、酸酐、氯仿

5.避免接触的条件[21]  受热

6.聚合危害[22]  不聚合

其它信息:

1.性状:白色至淡紫红色晶体。[1]

2.熔点(℃):145~147[2]

3.沸点(℃):267[3]

4.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):3.7[4]

5.饱和蒸气压(kPa):0.14(100℃)[5]

6.临界压力(MPa):5.18[6]

7.辛醇/水分配系数:-0.25~-0.7[7]

8.闪点(℃):155[8]

9.爆炸上限(%):9.8[9]

10.爆炸下限(%):1.3[10]

11.溶解性:微溶于水,溶于乙醇、乙醚、苯、氯仿、丙酮。[11]

对苯二胺 安全信息

包装等级:
III
风险类别:
6.1
海关代码:
2921519090
WGK_Germany:
3
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单
危险类别码:
R23/24/25;R36;R43;R50/53
安全说明:
S28-S36/37-S45-S60-S61-S28A-S24/25-S23-S53
RTECS号:
SS8050000
安全标志:
S23:不要吸入蒸汽。
S28:接触皮肤之后,立即使用大量皂液洗涤。
S45:出现意外或者感到不适,立刻到医生那里寻求帮助(最好带去产品容器标签)。
S60:本物质残余物和容器必须作为危险废物处理。
S61:避免排放到环境中。参考专门的说明/安全数据表。
S24/25:防止皮肤和眼睛接触。
:
危险标志:
T:Toxic

对苯二胺 毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
SS8050000
CHEMICAL NAME :
p-Phenylenediamine
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
106-50-3
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
80
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C6-H8-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
108.16
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
ZR DZ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - pig
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
71 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle weakness Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
80 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
920 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
37 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
170 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
133 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
140 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
331 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - coma Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
17 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
145 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
145 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - quail
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - wild bird species
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1050 mg/kg/30W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral - alteration of classical conditioning Liver - fatty liver degeneration
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
28 gm/kg/80W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
16800 mg/kg/12W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
105 mg/kg/30W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Liver - fatty liver degeneration Liver - liver function tests impaired
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2625 mg/kg/30W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA inhibition

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Ovary
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,67,1996 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.1 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,125,1978 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,125,1978 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,56,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology. (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4(3),203,1985 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,205,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;STEL 0.3 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;STEL 0.3 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;STEL 0.2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO p-PHENYLENE DIAMINE-air:10H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (Sk) REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 56950 No. of Facilities: 2017 (estimated) No. of Industries: 9 No. of Occupations: 11 No. of Employees: 14983 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 56950 No. of Facilities: 5390 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 49939 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 37209 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性[12]  LD50:80mg/kg(大鼠经口)

2.刺激性[13]    人经皮:250mg(24h),轻度刺激。

3.致突变性[14]  微生物致突变性:鼠伤寒沙门菌2μmol/皿。DNA抑制:小鼠经口200mg/kg。细胞遗传学分析:仓鼠卵巢15mg/L。性染色体缺失和不分离:黑腹果蝇经口15500μmol/L(3d)。

4.致癌性[15]  IARC致癌性评论:G3,对人及动物致癌性证据不足。

 

生态数据:

1.生态毒性[16]

LC50:5.74mg/L(48h)(金鱼)

EC50:74mg/L(60h)(梨形四膜虫);37mg/L(30min)(发光菌,Microtox毒性测试)

2.生物降解性[17]

好氧生物降解(h):168~672

厌氧生物降解(h):672~2688

3.非生物降解性[18]

光解最大光吸收-高(nm):308

水中光氧化半衰期(h):30~1740

空气中光氧化半衰期(h):0.28~2.8

对苯二胺 MSDS

国标编号: 61789
CAS: 106-50-3
中文名称: 1,4-苯二胺
英文名称: p-Phenylenediamine;1,4-diaminobenzene
别 名: 对苯二胺;1,4-二氨基苯;乌尔丝D
分子式: C6H8N2;NH2C6H4NH2
分子量: 108.14
熔 点: 147℃ 沸点:267℃
密 度: 相对密度(空气=1)3.7
蒸汽压: 68℃
溶解性: 溶于水、乙醇、乙醚、氯仿、苯
稳定性: 稳定
外观与性状: 白色至淡紫红色晶体
危险标记: 15(毒害品)
用 途: 作为染料中间体,环氧树脂固化剂及橡胶防老剂DNP、DBP等的生产

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害

侵入途径:吸入、食入、经皮吸收。
健康危害:不易因吸入而中毒。如经口进入 ,则毒作用与苯胺同。对苯二胺有很强烈的致敏作用。引起接触性皮炎、湿疹、支气管哮喘。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为

急性毒性:LD5080mg/kg(大鼠经口)
致突变性:微生物致突变性:鼠伤寒沙门氏菌2umol/皿。DNA抑制:小鼠经口200mg/kg。
致癌性:IARC致癌性评论:动物不明确。

危险特性:遇明火、高热可燃。与强氧化剂可发生反应。受热分解放出有毒的氧化氮烟气。
燃烧(分解)产物:一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氧化氮。


3.现场应急监测方法:
 


4.实验室监测方法:
苯胺法《化工企业空气中有害物质测定方法》,化学工业出版社


5.环境标准:
美国 车间卫生标准 0.1mg/m3[皮]
前苏联(1975) 水体中有害有机物的最大允许浓度 0.1mg/L
前苏联(1975)污水排放标准 5mg/L


6.应急处理处置方法:
一、泄漏应急处理

隔离泄漏污染区,周围设警告标志,建议应急处理人员戴好防毒面具,穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物,用清洁的铲子收集于干燥净洁有盖的容器中,运至废物处理场所或用沙土混合,逐渐倒入稀盐酸中(1体积浓盐酸加2体积水稀释),放置24小时,然后废弃。如大量泄漏,收集回收或无害处理后废弃。
废弃物处置方法:用控制焚烧法,焚烧炉排气中的氮氧化物通过洗涤器或高温装置除去。

二、防护措施

呼吸系统防护:空气中浓度较高时,佩带防毒面具。紧急事态抢救或逃生时,应该佩戴自给式呼吸器。
眼睛防护:戴化学安全防护眼镜。
防护服:穿紧袖工作服,长统胶鞋。
手防护:戴橡皮手套。
其它:工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。及时换洗工作服。工作前后不饮酒,用温水洗澡。进行就业前和定期的体检。

三、急救措施

皮肤接触:立即脱去污染的衣着,用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗。
眼睛接触:立即提起眼睑,用大量流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。
吸入:迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入:误服者给漱口,饮水,洗胃后口服活性炭,再给以导泻。就医。

灭火方法:雾状水、二氧化碳、砂土、干粉、泡沫。

对苯二胺 海关数据

中国海关编码:2921519090

概述:
2921519090. 间-、对-苯二胺、二氨基甲苯等〔包括衍生物及它们的盐〕. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:17.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:30.0%
申报要素:
品名, 成分含量, 用途
摘要/Summary:
2921519090. o-, m-, p-phenylenediamine, diaminotoluenes, and their derivatives; salts thereof. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:17.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

对苯二胺 分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:34.72

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):93.9

3、等张比容(90.2K):258.9

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):57.5

5、介电常数:

6、偶极距(10-24cm3):

7、极化率:13.76

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:2

3.氢键受体数量:2

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积52

7.重原子数量:8

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:54.9

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

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