铬酸锂

  • 基本信息
  • 制备方法及用途
  • 物化性质
  • 安全信息
  • MSDS
  • 结构与计算化学

铬酸锂 基本信息

中文名称:
铬酸锂 
中文别名:
铬酸锂;
铬酸锂,二水合物 
英文名称:
Chromic acid (H2CrO4),dilithium salt, dihydrate (8CI,9CI)
英文别名:
Lithium chromate hydrate;
dilithium,dioxido(dioxo)chromium,dihydrate 
CAS No.:
7789-01-7
分 子 式:
CrH2O4.2H2O.2Li
分 子 量:
129.88
精确分子量:
129.95200
PSA:
80.26000
危险品标志:
风险术语:
R45;R46;R8;R36/37/38   
安全术语:
S53;S17;S36/37/39;S45
分子结构式:
SDS:
查看

铬酸锂 制备方法及用途

合成制备方法

1.一水氢氧化锂和无水氧化铬CrO3混合加热可获得9985%的Li2CrO4·2H2O。在结晶前应除去溶液中微量三价铬和不溶物,用次氯酸钠氧化溶液并过滤,最终产物是淡黄色晶体。它在甲醇中的溶解度如下:

t/℃0.7     7.2     10.4     20.0   29.8   40.2    50.1    60.0    70.0溶解度/%(w)47.27     47.74     47.89   48.60   49.62    50.66   52.10     53.52     55.27相对密度2.149(d254)。铬酸钠的固体晶格或水溶液都含有CrO2-4四面体阴离子。为黄色晶体,是重要工业原料。

工业上制备铬酸钠是先煅烧铬铁矿和苏打灰与石灰混合物,然后用水浸取。

2.实验室制法称取6g铬铁矿粉与4g硝酸钠均匀混合。另称取4.5g氢氧化钠及4.5g碳酸钠于铁坩埚中,混合后用小火加热至沸腾,然后将溶液倾入烧杯内,再加水,加热,如此反复2~3次,即可全部取出熔块。将烧杯中的溶液及熔块一同加热煮沸15min,并不断搅拌以加速溶解。稍冷后抽滤,滤渣用10mL水洗涤一次。用冰醋酸调节滤液至pH值为7~8,使氢氧化铝沉淀,加热数min,过滤,沉淀弃去。滤液移入蒸发皿中,蒸发浓缩,得到黄色结晶。

水合铬酸钠有四水合物和十水合物两种。

用途

纺织工业中用作冷冻剂。

铬酸锂 物化性质

外观与性状:
黄色斜方晶系的晶体,吸湿的
密度:
1.355
水溶解性:
94.6 G/L (25 ºC)
稳定性相关:

Na2CrO4·10H2O为易吸潮的黄色单斜晶体,在195℃失去四个水形成六水合物,在20℃时,形成四水合物。相对密度1.483,熔点19.92℃。在冷水中溶解度50g/100mL(10℃),在热水中溶解度126g/100mL(100℃),微溶于乙醇,不溶于冰醋酸。

其它信息:

1.      性状:温度保持在26℃以上为稳定黄色单斜针状晶体。

2.      密度(g/mL 25ºC):1.483

3.      相对蒸汽密度(g/mL,空气=1):未确定

4.      熔点(ºC):62.8

5.      沸点(ºC,常压):未确定

6.      沸点(ºC,5.2kPa):未确定

7.      折射率(n20/D):未确定

8.      闪点(ºC,):未确定

9.      比旋光度(º):未确定

10.   自燃点或引燃温度(ºC):未确定

11.   蒸气压(kPa,25ºC):未确定

12.   饱和蒸气压(kPa,60ºC):未确定

13.   燃烧热(KJ/mol):未确定

14.   临界温度(ºC):未确定

15.   临界压力(KPa):未确定

16.   油水(辛醇/水)分配系数的对数值(25℃):未确定

17.   爆炸上限(%,V/V):未确定

18.   爆炸下限(%,V/V):未确定

19.   溶解性(mg/mL):未确定

铬酸锂 安全信息

包装等级:
III
风险类别:
3.2
海关代码:
29036990
WGK_Germany:
3
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单
危险类别码:
R45;R46;R8;R36/37/38
安全说明:
53-17-36/37/39-45
RTECS号:
CZ1790000
安全标志:
S17:远离可燃物质。
S45:出现意外或者感到不适,立刻到医生那里寻求帮助(最好带去产品容器标签)。
S53:避免暴露——使用前先阅读专门的说明。
:
危险标志:
O: Oxidizing agent;T+: Very toxic;

铬酸锂 MSDS

    Version 1.6
    Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

    1 - Product and Company Information

    Product Name        LITHIUM CHROMATE HYDRATE, TECHNICAL    
    GRADE

    2 - Hazards Identification

    SPECIAL INDICATION OF HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
    May cause cancer. May cause heritable genetic damage. Contact with
    combustible material may cause fire. Irritating to eyes,
    respiratory system and skin.

    3 - Composition/Information on Ingredients

    Product Name        CAS #        EC no        Annex I    
    Index Number
    LITHIUM CHROMATE HYDRATE        None        None        None    
    Formula        Li2CrO4 · xH2O    
    Molecular Weight 129,8800 AMU

    4 - First Aid Measures

    AFTER INHALATION
    If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing give
    artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
    AFTER EYE CONTACT
    Assure adequate flushing of the eyes by separating the eyelids
    with fingers.
    AFTER INGESTION
    If swallowed, wash out mouth with water provided person is
    conscious. Call a physician.

    5 - Fire Fighting Measures

    EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
    Suitable: Noncombustible. Use extinguishing media appropriate to
    surrounding fire conditions.
    ALDRICH        www.molbase.com    
    SPECIAL RISKS
    Specific Hazard(s): Contact with other material may cause fire.
    Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions.
    SPECIAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT FOR FIREFIGHTERS
    For fires involving this material, do not enter any enclosed or
    confined fire space without proper protective equipment. This
    may include self-contained breathing apparatus to protect
    against the hazardous effects of the normal products of
    combustion or oxygen deficiency

    6 - Accidental Release Measures

    PROCEDURE(S) OF PERSONAL PRECAUTION(S)
    Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber boots, and heavy
    rubber gloves.
    METHODS FOR CLEANING UP
    Sweep up, place in a bag and hold for waste disposal. Avoid
    raising dust. Ventilate area and wash spill site after material
    pickup is complete.

    7 - Handling and Storage

    HANDLING
    Directions for Safe Handling: Do not breathe dust. Do not get in
    eyes, on skin, on clothing. Do not use if skin is cut or
    scratched. Wash thoroughly after handling.
    STORAGE
    Conditions of Storage: Keep tightly closed. Keep away from
    combustible materials, heat, sparks, and open flame. Store in a
    cool dry place.

    8 - Exposure Controls / Personal Protection

    ENGINEERING CONTROLS
    Use only in a chemical fume hood. Safety shower and eye bath.
    GENERAL HYGIENE MEASURES
    Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Discard contaminated
    shoes.
    PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
    Special Protective Measures: Wear appropriate government approved
    respirator, chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, other
    protective clothing. Faceshield (8-inch minimum).

    9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

    pH N/A
    BP/BP Range        N/A    
    MP/MP Range        N/A    
    Flash Point        N/A    
    Flammability        N/A    
    Autoignition Temp        N/A    
    Oxidizing Properties N/A
    Explosive Properties N/A
    Explosion Limits        N/A    
    ALDRICH        www.molbase.com    
    Vapor Pressure        N/A    
    Partition Coefficient N/A
    Viscosity        N/A    
    Vapor Density        N/A    
    Saturated Vapor Conc. N/A
    Evaporation Rate        N/A    
    Bulk Density        N/A    
    Decomposition Temp.        N/A    
    Solvent Content        N/A    
    Water Content        N/A    
    Surface Tension        N/A    
    Conductivity        N/A    
    Miscellaneous Data        N/A    
    Solubility        N/A    

    10 - Stability and Reactivity

    STABILITY
    Materials to Avoid: Reducing agents, Organic materials Avoid
    contact with acid.
    HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS
    Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nature of decomposition products
    not known.

    11 - Toxicological Information

    SENSITIZATION
    Sensitization: May cause allergic respiratory and skin reactions
    SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF EXPOSURE
    Large doses of lithium ion have caused dizziness and
    prostration, and can cause kidney damage if sodium intake is
    limited. Dehydration, weight loss, dermatological effects, and
    thyroid disturbances have been reported. Central nervous system
    effects that include slurred speech, blurred vision, sensory
    loss, ataxia, and convulsions may occur. Diarrhea, vomiting, and
    neuromuscular effects such as tremor, clonus, and hyperactive
    reflexes may occur as a result of repeated exposure to lithium
    ion. Inhalation of dichromate dusts can cause ulceration and
    perforation of the nasal septum. Contact with breaks in the skin
    can cause ulceration (chrome sores). Other symptoms of exposure
    include erosion and discoloration of the teeth, nephritis,
    epigastric pain (inflammation and ulceration of the
    gastrointestinal tract). Anemia. Stomach pains, vomiting,
    diarrhea. Exposure can cause:
    ROUTE OF EXPOSURE
    Inhalation: Material is irritating to mucous membranes and upper
    respiratory tract.
    Multiple Routes: Causes eye and skin irritation. May be fatal if
    inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin.
    TARGET ORGAN INFORMATION
    Kidneys. Lungs. Central nervous system. Blood.
    CHRONIC EXPOSURE - CARCINOGEN
    Result: Carcinogen.

    12 - Ecological Information
    ALDRICH        www.molbase.com    

    No data available.

    13 - Disposal Considerations

    SUBSTANCE DISPOSAL
    Cautiously acidify a 3% solution or a suspension of the material
    to pH 2 with sulfuric acid. Gradually add a 50% excess of aqueous
    sodium bisulfite with stirring at room temperature. An increase in
    temperature indicates that a reaction is taking place. If no
    reaction is observed on the addition of about 10% of the sodium
    bisulfite solution initiate it by cautiously adding more acid. If
    manganese, chromium, or molybdenum are present adjust the pH of
    the solution to 7 and treat with sulfide to precipitate for burial
    as hazardous waste. Destroy excess sulfide, neutralize, and flush
    the solution down the drain. Observe all federal, state, and local
    environmental regulations.

    14 - Transport Information

    RID/ADR
    UN#: 1479
    Class: 5.1
    PG: III
    Proper Shipping Name: Oxidizing solid, n.o.s.
    IMDG
    UN#: 1479
    Class: 5.1
    PG: III
    Proper Shipping Name: Oxidizing solid, n.o.s.
    Marine Pollutant: No
    Severe Marine Pollutant: No
    Technical Name: Required
    IATA
    UN#: 1479
    Class: 5.1
    PG: III
    Proper Shipping Name: Oxidizing solid, n.o.s.
    Inhalation Packing Group I: No
    Technical Name: Required

    15 - Regulatory Information

    CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING ACCORDING TO EU DIRECTIVES
    INDICATION OF DANGER: O-T+
    Oxidizing. Very toxic.
    R-PHRASES: 45-46-8-36/37/38
    May cause cancer. May cause heritable genetic damage. Contact
    with combustible material may cause fire. Irritating to eyes,
    respiratory system and skin.
    S-PHRASES: 53-17-36/37/39-45
    Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. Keep
    away from combustible material. Wear suitable protective
    clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection. In case of accident
    or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show
    the label where possible).
    Caution: Substance not yet fully tested (EU).
    ALDRICH        www.molbase.com    
    COUNTRY SPECIFIC INFORMATION
    Germany
    WGK: 3
    Self-Classification

    16 - Other Information

    WARRANTY
    The above information is believed to be correct but does not
    purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The
    information in this document is based on the present state of our
    knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to
    appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any
    guarantee of the properties of the product. Inc.,
    shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or
    from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice
    or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
    Copyright 2010 Co. License granted to make
    unlimitedpaper copies for internal use only.
    DISCLAIMER
    For R&D use only. Not for drug, household or other uses.
    ALDRICH        www.molbase.com    


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

铬酸锂 分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:无可用的

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):无可用的

3、等张比容(90.2K):无可用的

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):无可用的

5、介电常数:无可用的

6、极化率(10-24cm3):无可用的

7、单一同位素质量:129.952178 Da

8、标称质量:130 Da

9、平均质量:129.8757 Da

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