氟气

  • 基本信息
  • 制备方法及用途
  • 物化性质
  • 安全信息
  • 毒理性
  • MSDS
  • 结构与计算化学
  • 上游产品
  • 下游产品

氟气 基本信息

中文名称:
氟气 
中文别名:
氟;
氟气;
(R)-(-)-2-苯丙酸;
(R)-(-)-2-苯基丙酸;
(2S)-2-Phenylpropanoic acid;
(S)-(+)-2-Phenylpropionic acid;
3-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID ETHYL ESTER;
AKOS BBS-00000852;
5-hydroxydodecanoic acid;
2-ethyl-3-hydroxybenzoate;
Ethyl 3-hydroxybenzoate;
Zinc nitrate [UN1514] [Oxidizer];
Zinc nitrate;
1,3,5-triethyl-1,3,5-triazinane;
1,3,5-triethyl-1,3,5-triazinanetriium;
Hexahydro-1,3,5-triethyl-1,3,5-triazine;
UN1489;
Potassium perchlorate;
Copper (II) sulf 
英文名称:
fluorine gas
英文别名:
difluorine;
Fluorine;
baccatin III N-benzyl-b-phenylisoserine ester;
7-Epi Paclitaxel;
Epitaxol;
7-epi-Taxol;
diatomic fluorine 
CAS No.:
7782-41-4
分 子 式:
F2
分 子 量:
38.00
精确分子量:
37.99680
PSA:
0.00000
EINECS:
231-954-8
InChI:
InChI=1/F
风险术语:
7-26-35
分子结构式:
SDS:
查看

氟气 制备方法及用途

制备方法

电解法电解是在750 A(电流密度为0.05 A/cm2)的氟电解槽中进行,电解质是氟化氢钾(KF·HF),由钢瓶连续补充氟化氢,采用中温法电解。用夹套加热维持电解操作温度在90~100℃,槽内氟化氢浓度为38.5%~39.5%,液面高度为540~560 mm,阳极材料为661148碳板,阴极选用铁板。电解后的氟气由阳极室逸出,经导出管进入净化塔,除去氟化氢,随后进入缓冲罐,再由膜式氟气泵输送去包装,制得氟气体产品。其HF→F-+H+↑阳极2F--2e→F2↑阴极2H++2e→H2↑

合成制备方法

电解法电解是在750 A(电流密度为0.05 A/cm2)的氟电解槽中进行,电解质是氟化氢钾(KF·HF),由钢瓶连续补充氟化氢,采用中温法电解。用夹套加热维持电解操作温度在90~100℃,槽内氟化氢浓度为38.5%~39.5%,液面高度为540~560 mm,阳极材料为661148碳板,阴极选用铁板。电解后的氟气由阳极室逸出,经导出管进入净化塔,除去氟化氢,随后进入缓冲罐,再由膜式氟气泵输送去包装,制得氟气体产品。其
HF→F-+H+
阳极2F--2e→F2↑
阴极2H++2e→H2↑

用途简介

用于制取各种金属和非金属元素的氟化物,以及含氟塑料、含氟橡胶等高分子化合物。在氟氧吹管及火箭燃料中用作氧化剂等。用作火箭燃料中的氧化剂,以及用于氟化合物、含氟塑料、氟橡胶等的制造。

用途

1.用于制取各种金属和非金属元素的氟化物,以及含氟塑料、含氟橡胶等高分子化合物。在氟氧吹管及火箭燃料中用作氧化剂等。

2.用作火箭燃料中的氧化剂,以及用于氟化合物、含氟塑料、氟橡胶等的制造。[18]

氟气 物化性质

外观与性状:
淡黄色气体带有一种辛辣气味
密度:
1.695(15℃)
熔点:
-220°C
沸点:
-188°C
水溶解性:
reacts
折射率:
1.000195
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸
稳定性相关:

1.氟是最活泼的非金属元素,几乎可与所有的元素直接化合。与水反应生成臭氧和氟化氢。在暗处就能与氢直接化合。在室温下能与大多数可氧化物质或有机物强烈反应而燃烧,与硝酸反应能生成爆炸性的硝酸氟气体。腐蚀性强,剧毒!

2.稳定性[14]  稳定

3.禁配物[15]  易燃或可燃物、活性金属粉末、氨、联胺等

4.聚合危害[16]  不聚合

其它信息:

1.性状:淡黄色气体,有刺激性气味。[1]

2.熔点(ºC):-219[2]

3.沸点(ºC):-188[3]

4.相对密度(水=1):1.14(-200℃)[4]

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):1.695[5]

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):0.133(-223ºC)[6]

7.临界温度(℃):-129[7]

8.临界压力(MPa):5.57[8]

9.辛醇/水分配系数:0.22[9]

10.溶解性:与水反应。[10]

氟气 安全信息

风险类别:
2.3
海关代码:
2801301000
危险类别码:
7-26-35
安全说明:
S9-S26-S36/37/39-S45
安全标志:
S9:保持容器在一个有良好通风放的场所。
S26:万一接触眼睛,立即使用大量清水冲洗并送医诊治。
S45:出现意外或者感到不适,立刻到医生那里寻求帮助(最好带去产品容器标签)。
:
危险标志:
T+,C

氟气 毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
LM6475000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Fluorine
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
7782-41-4
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
46
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
F2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
38.00
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
E2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
185 ppm/1H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
150 ppm/1H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - iritis Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
LC - Lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
>93 ppm/1H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cough Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
270 ppm/30M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - iritis Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
170 ppm/1H
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,10,1968 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 3.1 mg/m3 (2 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 1.6 mg/m3 (1 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JAVMA4 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. (American Veterinary Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.48- 1915- Volume(issue)/page/year: 164,277,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FOREAE Food Research. (Champaign, IL) V.1-25, 1936-60. For publisher information, see JFDSAZ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,313,1942 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KOTTAM Kogai to Taisaku. Journal of Environmental Pollution Control. (Kogai Taisaku Gijutsu Dokokai, Shuwa-Akasaka Bldg., 9-1-244, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,1300,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLCHAU Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, NC). (American Assoc. for Clinical Chemistry, 1725 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20006) V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,361,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW IECHAD Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. (Washington, DC) V.15-62, 1923-70. For publisher information, see CHMTBL. Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,791,1934 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 ppm (2 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,117,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 ppm (2 mg/m3);STEL 2 ppm (4 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 ppm (1.6 mg/m3);STEL 2 ppm (3.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:STEL 0.1 ppm (0.26 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:STEL 1 ppm (2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 0.2 mg/m3;STEL 0.4 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 ppm (2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3);STEL 0.3 ppm (0.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.15 mg/m3);STEL 0.2 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 ppm (2 mg/m3);STEL 2 ppm (4 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO FLUORINE-air:10H TWA 0.1 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 33370 No. of Facilities: 396 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 13 No. of Employees: 2580 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 33370 No. of Facilities: 490 (estimated) No. of Industries: 19 No. of Occupations: 25 No. of Employees: 12854 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 2059 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性[11] LC50:233mg/m3(大鼠吸入,1h)

2.刺激性[12] 人经眼:25ppm(5min),轻度刺激。

3.亚急性与慢性毒性[13] 小鼠、豚鼠、兔和狗分别吸入25,8,3,0.8mg/m3,35d,动物死亡率<40%,尸检见支气管炎、支气管扩张、肺出血、肺水肿。

生态数据:

1.生态毒性  暂无资料

2.生物降解性  暂无资料

3.非生物降解性  暂无资料

氟气 分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:2.37

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):39.4

3、等张比容(90.2K):51.1

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):2.8

5、介电常数:无可用的

6、极化率:0.94

7、单一同位素质量:37.996806 Da

8、标称质量:38 Da

9、平均质量:37.9968 Da

计算化学数据

1、疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):1.1

2、氢键供体数量:0

3、氢键受体数量:2

4、可旋转化学键数量:0

5、互变异构体数量:无

6、拓扑分子极性表面积(TPSA):0

7、重原子数量:2

8、表面电荷:0

9、复杂度:0

10、同位素原子数量:0

11、确定原子立构中心数量:0

12、不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13、确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14、不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15、共价键单元数量:1

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