Section 1. Chemical Product and Company Identification
Phenobarbital
Common Name/
Trade Name
Phenobarbital
Section 3. Hazards Identification
Hazardous in case of ingestion. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of
Potential Acute Health
inhalation. Severe over-exposure can result in death.
Effects
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC.
Potential Chronic Health
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast.
Effects
TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available.
The substance may be toxic to kidneys, liver, central nervous system (CNS).
Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure to a
highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs.
Section 4. First Aid Measures
Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least
Eye Contact
15 minutes. Cold water may be used. WARM water MUST be used. Get medical attention if irritation occurs.
Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops.
Skin Contact
Not available.
Serious Skin Contact
Inhalation If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get
medical attention.
Serious Inhalation Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek
medical attention.
If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to
Ingestion
an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention
immediately.
Not available.
Serious Ingestion
Section 5. Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product May be combustible at high temperature.
Auto-Ignition Temperature Not available.
Not available.
Flash Points
Not available.
Flammable Limits
These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2...).
Products of Combustion
Fire Hazards in Presence of Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of heat.
Various Substances
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.
Explosion Hazards in
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.
Presence of Various
Substances
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder.
Fire Fighting Media
LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.
and Instructions
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides.
Special Remarks on
Fire Hazards
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Explosion Hazards
Phenobarbital
Section 6. Accidental Release Measures
Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container.
Small Spill
Large Spill Poisonous solid.
Stop leak if without risk. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray to reduce
for assistance on disposal.
Section 7. Handling and Storage
Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not
Precautions
ingest. Do not breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and
show the container or the label.
Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area.
Storage
Section 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below
Engineering Controls
recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to
airborne contaminants below the exposure limit.
Personal Protection Safety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to
avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE
of a Large Spill
handling this product.
Not available.
Exposure Limits
Section 9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Solid. (Crystalline solid. Crystalline powder.) Odorless.
Physical state and O dor
appearance
Bitter. (Slight.)
Taste
232.23 g/mole
Molecular Weight
White.
Color
Not available.
pH (1% soln/water)
Not available.
Boiling Point
174°C (345.2°F) - 178 C.
Melting Point
Not available.
Critical Temperature
Not available.
Specific Gravity
Not applicable.
Vapor Pressure
Not available.
Vapor Density
Not available.
Volatility
Not available.
Odor Threshold
The product is more soluble in oil; log(oil/water) = 1.5
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.
Amphoteric.
Ionicity (in Water)
See solubility in water, diethyl ether.
Dispersion Properties
Phenobarbital
Soluble in diethyl ether.
Solubility
Very slightly soluble in cold water.
Solubility in Water: 1 gram is soluble in about 1 liter of water.
Solubility in Alcohol: 1 gram is soluble in 8 ml of alcohol.
Solubility in Benzene: 1gram is soluble in 700 ml Benzene.
Solubility in Ether: 1 gram is soluble in 13 ml Ether.
Soluble in alkalil hydroxides, and carbonates.
Section 10. Stability and Reactivity Data
The product is stable.
Stability
Not available.
Instability Temperature
Conditions of Instability Excess heat, incompatible materials
Incompatibility with various Reactive with oxidizing agents.
substances
Non-corrosive in presence of glass.
Corrosivity
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Reactivity
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Corrosivity
Will not occur.
Polymerization
Section 11. Toxicological Information
Inhalation. Ingestion.
Routes of Entry
Toxicity to Animals Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 162 mg/kg [Rat].
Chronic Effects on Humans CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC.
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast.
May cause damage to the following organs: kidneys, liver, central nervous system (CNS).
Hazardous in case of ingestion.
Other Toxic Effects on
Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of inhalation.
Humans
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Toxicity to Animals
Special Remarks on May affect genetic material (mutagenic).
Chronic Effects on Humans May cause adverse reproductive effects and birth defects (teratogenic).
May cause cancer.
Excreted in maternal milk in human.
Acute Potential Health Effects:
Special Remarks on other
Skin: May cause skin irritation.
Toxic Effects on Humans
Eyes: May cause eye irritation.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed. It is acutely toxic. Phenobarbital is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant.
Moderate overdoses may resemble alcohol intoxication. It may cause loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
and/or constipation. It may cloud perception and distort judgement, induce drowsiness, somnolence, muscle
contraction or spasticity, lethargy, dizziness, headache, nervousness, insomnia, memory problems, halllucinations,
irritability, slurred speech, confusion, ataxia, sleep, nightmares and night terrors, depressed reflexes, and anesthesia.
It may also cause respiratory depression (slow or rapid, shallow breathing), pulmonary edema, hypotension,
hypothermia, coma, shock, and death from respiratory failure. Respiratory depression may lead to metabilic acidosis
and hypoxia. Pupils may also be constricted and reactive to light with rapid involuntary movement (nystagmus), and
in the late stages may be dilated due to hypoxia. It may also affect the kidneys (renal tubular transport). It may also
cause fever or allergic reaction (dermatitis, and skin rashes)
Chronic Potential Health Effects:
Ingestion: Phenobarbital can be addictive and is a drug of abuse. Prolonged and repeated ingestion may cause
loss of appetite/weight loss, hypocalcemia, and produce central nervous system effects similar to that of acute
ingestion. It may also produce variable pupilary responses, most often with miosis or with mydriasis in cases of severe
intoxication. It may also affect the bones (osteomalacia), thyhroid, kidneys, blood (anemia, leukopenia,
Phenobarbital
agranulocytosis, macrocytosis, methemglobinemia), brain (degenerative changes), liver and cause liver damage. It
may also cause allergic reaction.
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure: Hypersensitivity to material or other barbiturates; liver or kidney
disease; alcoholism/use of alcohol; use with other CNS depressants.
Section 12. Ecological Information
Not available.
Ecotoxicity
Not available.
BOD5 and COD
Products of Biodegradation Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may
arise.
The products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself.
Toxicity of the Products
of Biodegradation
Not available.
Special Remarks on the
Products of Biodegradation
Section 13. Disposal Considerations
Waste Disposal Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control
regulations.
Section 14. Transport Information
CLASS 6.1: Poisonous material.
DO T Cl assi fi cati on
UNNA: 2811 : Toxic solid, organic, n.o.s. (Phenobarbital) PG: III
Identification
Not available.
Special Provisions for
Transport
DO T (Pi ctograms)
Section 15. Other Regulatory Information and Pictograms
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found to
Federal and State
cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm, which would require a warning under the statute:
Regulations
Phenobarbital
California prop. 65 (no significant risk level): Phenobarbital: 0.002 mg/day (value)
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found to
cause cancer which would require a warning under the statute: Phenobarbital
Minnesota: Phenobarbital
Massachusetts RTK: Phenobarbital
California Director's List of Hazardous Substances: Phenobarbital
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found to
California
cause cancer which would require a warning under the statute: Phenobarbital
Proposition 65
Warnings
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found to
cause birth defects which would require a warning under the statute: No products were found.
Other Regulations
Phenobarbital
OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).
EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS No.
200-007-0).
Canada: Listed on Canadian Domestic Substance List (DSL).
China: Not listed on National Inventory.
Japan: Listed on National Inventory (ENCS).
Korea: Listed on National Inventory (KECI).
Philippines: Listed on National Inventory (PICCS).
Australia: Listed on AICS.
WHMIS (Canada) CLASS D-1B: Material causing immediate and serious toxic effects (TOXIC).
Other Classifications
CLASS D-2A: Material causing other toxic effects (VERY TOXIC).
R25- Toxic if swallowed. S36/37- Wear suitable protective clothing and
DSCL (EEC)
R40- Limited evidence of a gloves.
carcinogenic effect. S45- In case of accident or if you feel unwell,
seek medical advice immediately (show the
label where possible).
Health Hazard
HMIS (U.S.A.) 2 National Fire Protection
1 Flammability
1 Association (U.S.A.)
Fire Hazard
2 0 Reactivity
Health
Reactivity 0
Specific hazard
Personal Protection
E
WHMIS (Canada)
(Pictograms)
DSCL (Europe)
(Pictograms)
TDG(Canada)
(Pictograms)
ADR (Europe)
(Pictograms)
Protective Equipment
Gloves.
Lab coat.
Dust respirator. Be sure to use an
approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation
is inadequate.
Safety glasses.
SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A
