硅酸钾

  • 基本信息
  • 制备方法及用途
  • 物化性质
  • 安全信息
  • 毒理性
  • MSDS
  • 结构与计算化学

硅酸钾 基本信息

中文名称:
硅酸钾 
中文别名:
硅酸钾;
钾水玻璃;
硅酸钾水合物 
英文名称:
potassium silicate
英文别名:
Potassium Silicate, Anhydrous;
Potassium silicate;
Potassium silicate hydrate;
tetrapotassium,silicate 
CAS No.:
1312-76-1
分 子 式:
K4SiO4
分 子 量:
248.44
精确分子量:
247.81100
PSA:
92.24000
MDL:
MFCD00145152
EINECS:
215-199-1
InChI:
InChI=1/4K.O4Si/c;;;;1-5(2,3)4/q4*+1;-4
风险术语:
37/38-41
分子结构式:
SDS:
查看

硅酸钾 制备方法及用途

制备方法

1.熔融法将硅砂和苛性钾按一定比例混合后加入熔融炉中,用重油或电加热至1200~1400℃,当形成完全熔融透明体时,从炉中放出冷却固化后,再放入高压釜中,通加压蒸汽(0.2MPa)溶解。将溶液静置澄清,除去杂质,澄清液经浓缩得到硅酸钾成品。2.采用熔融法(即干法)。将硅砂与苛性钾在熔融炉中作用后,再经加压蒸汽溶解而得。

合成制备方法

1.熔融法将硅砂和苛性钾按一定比例混合后加入熔融炉中,用重油或电加热至1200~1400℃,当形成完全熔融透明体时,从炉中放出冷却固化后,再放入高压釜中,通加压蒸汽(0.2MPa)溶解。将溶液静置澄清,除去杂质,澄清液经浓缩得到硅酸钾成品。

用途简介

广泛用于防腐、铸造、油田、钻井和各种高档涂料中。主要用于耐酸、耐热、耐磨等防腐工程中,配成耐酸耐热材料。按不同用途可分别制成钾水玻璃(KP1)胶泥、钾水玻璃(KP1)砂浆、钾水玻璃(KP1)混凝土等工程原料,其具有机械强度大、粘结力高、空隙率小、抗渗耐水性高、耐酸性能好(详见胶泥页)、耐热性好等优点,在碱性介质、含氟介质、中性盐类溶液和高级脂肪酸中也具有耐腐蚀性。常温固化、施工简单,工程使用寿命长。高模数硅酸钾主要在高级涂料中作为粘合剂使用。

用途

1.用于电焊条、焊接用电极、还原染料、防火剂的制造。用作荧光屏荧光粉黏结剂和肥皂填料。

2.用于电焊条、焊接用电极、还原染料及防水剂的制造。用作荧光屏荧光粉黏结剂和肥皂填料。在混凝土外加剂中用作速凝剂。

硅酸钾 物化性质

外观与性状:
透明无色,水状的溶液
密度:
1.39 g/cm3 (20ºC)
沸点:
> 100ºC
存储条件/存储方法:

贮存于一般库房中,或用槽罐贮存。

稳定性相关:

如果遵照规格使用和储存则不会分解,未有已知危险反应,避免氧化物、酸。易溶于水和酸,并游离出胶状硅酸,钾含量愈高则愈易溶。不溶于醇。

失火时,可用水和各种灭火器扑救。

其它信息:

1.       性状:黏稠状液体

2.       密度(g/mL,25℃):未确定

3.       相对蒸汽密度(g/mL,空气=1):未确定

4.       熔点(ºC):未确定

5.       沸点(ºC,常压):未确定

6.       沸点(ºC,0.05mmHg):未确定

7.       折射率(n20/D):未确定

8.       闪点(ºF):未确定

9.       比旋光度(º):未确定

10.    自燃点或引燃温度(ºC):未确定

11.    蒸气压(mmHg,25ºC):未确定

12.    饱和蒸气压(kPa,60ºC):未确定

13.    燃烧热(KJ/mol):未确定

14.    临界温度(ºC):未确定

15.    临界压力(KPa):未确定

16.    油水(辛醇/水)分配系数的对数值:未确定

17.    爆炸上限(%,V/V):未确定

18.    爆炸下限(%,V/V):未确定

19.    溶解性:可溶于水,溶于酸后游离出胶状硅酸。其溶解度比硅酸钠高得多。不溶于醇。

硅酸钾 安全信息

海关代码:
2839900090
WGK_Germany:
3
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单

硅酸钾 毒理性

生态数据:

对是水稍微有危害的不要让未稀释或大量的产品接触地下水、水道或者污水系统,若无政府许可,勿将材料排入周围环境。

硅酸钾 MSDS


Section 1. Chemical Product and Company Identification
    Potassium Silicate
    Common Name/
    Trade Name
    Manufacturer
    Commercial Name(s)
    Synonym
    Chemical Name
    Chemical Family
    Potassium Silicate

Section 4. First Aid Measures
    Eye Contact        Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water    
    for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention.
    Skin Contact        In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient.    
    Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before
    reuse. Get medical attention.
    Serious Skin Contact        Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek medical    
    attention.
    Inhalation        If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.    
    Get medical attention if symptoms appear.
    Serious Inhalation        Not available.    
    Ingestion        Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to    
    an unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately.
    Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
    Serious Ingestion        Not available.    

Section 5. Fire and Explosion Data
    Flammability of the Product Non-flammable.
    Auto-Ignition Temperature Not applicable.
    Not applicable.
    Flash Points
    Flammable Limits        Not applicable.    
    Products of Combustion        Not available.    
    Fire Hazards in Presence of Not applicable.
    Various Substances
    Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.
    Explosion Hazards in
    Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.
    Presence of Various
    Substances
    Fire Fighting Media        Not applicable.    
    and Instructions
    Special Remarks on        Not available.    
    Fire Hazards
    Special Remarks on Explosion Heating a mixture of powdered magnesium and silica causes a violent explosion.
    Hazards        (Quartz)    

Section 6. Accidental Release Measures
    Small Spill        Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by    
    spreading water on the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority
    requirements.
    Large Spill        Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading    
    water on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system. Be careful that the
    product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local
    authorities.
    Potassium Silicate

Section 7. Handling and Storage
    Precautions        Do not breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable    
    respiratory equipment. If you feel unwell, seek medical attention and show the label when possible. Avoid
    contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents.
    Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area.
    Storage

Section 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
    Engineering Controls        Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels    
    below recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep
    exposure to airborne contaminants below the exposure limit.
    Personal Protection        Splash goggles. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.    
    Gloves.
    Personal Protection in Case of Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be
    a Large Spill        used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a    
    specialist BEFORE handling this product.
    Exposure Limits        Quartz    
    TWA: 0.1 (mg/m3) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] Inhalation Respirable.
    TWA: 0.1 (mg/m3) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] Inhalation Respirable.
    TWA: 0.3 (mg/m3) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] Inhalation Total.
    TWA: 0.05 (mg/m3) from NIOSH [United States] Inhalation Respirable.
    TWA: 0.1 (mg/m3) [Canada] Inhalation Respirable.
    TWA: 0.3 [Canada] Inhalation Total.
    TWA: 0.3 [United Kingdom (UK)] Inhalation Total.
    Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits.

Section 9. Physical and Chemical Properties
    Physical state and appearance Solid. (Powdered solid.)        Odor        Not available.    
    Taste        Not available.    
    248.44 g/mole
    Molecular Weight
    Color        White.    
    pH (1% soln/water)        Not applicable.    
    Not available.
    Boiling Point
    Melting Point        Not available.    
    Not available.
    Critical Temperature
    Specific Gravity        Not available.    
    Vapor Pressure        Not applicable.    
    Vapor Density        Not available.    
    Volatility        Not available.    
    Not available.
    Odor Threshold
    Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.        Not available    
    Not available.
    Ionicity (in Water)
    Dispersion Properties        Not available    
    Solubility        Usually very slowly soluble in cold water. Considered almost insoluble in water.    
    Insoluble in alcohol.
    Potassium Silicate

Section 10. Stability and Reactivity Data
    The product is stable.
    Stability
    Instability Temperature        Not available.    
    Incompatible materials.
    Conditions of Instability
    Incompatibility with various Reactive with oxidizing agents, acids.
    substances
    Not available.
    Corrosivity
    Special Remarks on        Incompatiblity with powferfull oxidizers: fluorine, chlorine trifluoride, manganese trioxide, oxygen diflluoride,    
    Reactivity        hydrogen peroxide, etc.; Incompatible with acetylene and ammonia. This chemical is attacked by Hydrogen    
    Fluoride. Silica will dissolve in Hydrofluoric Acid and produce the corrosive gas Silicon Tetrafluoride (SiF4).
    May be attacked by strong alkalis, especially when hot. (Quartz)
    Special Remarks on        Not available.    
    Corrosivity
    Polymerization        Will not occur.    

Section 11. Toxicological Information
    Routes of Entry        Inhalation. Ingestion.    
    Toxicity to Animals        LD50: Not available.    
    LC50: Not available.
    Chronic Effects on Humans CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified 1 (Proven for human.) by IARC, 1 (Clear evidence.) by NTP, +
    (Proven.) by NIOSH [Quartz]. Classified A2 (Suspected for human.) by ACGIH [Quartz].
    Other Toxic Effects on        Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, .    
    Slightly hazardous in case of inhalation (lung irritant).
    Humans
    Special Remarks on        Lowest Published Lethal Dose/Conc:    
    Toxicity to Animals        LCL [Human] - Route: Inhalation; Dose: 300 ug/m3/10Y intermittent (Quartz)    
    Special Remarks on        May cause cancer. (Quartz)    
    Chronic Effects on Humans
    Special Remarks on other        Acute Potential Health Effects:    
    Toxic Effects on Humans        Skin: Causes skin irritation.    
    Eyes: Causes eye irritation. May cause eye injury or damage.
    Inhalation: Causes respiratory tract irritation.
    This product contains quartz (crystalline silica). Acute pneumoconiosis from overwhelming exposure to
    silica dust has occurred. Coughing and irritation of throat are early symptoms.
    Inhalation of quartz (crystalline silica) is classified as a human carcinogen. Risk of cancer depends upon
    duration and level of exposure. May also affect liver.
    Chronic exposure to quartz (crystalline silica) can also cause silicosis, a form of lung scaring that can cause
    shortness of breath, reduced lung function. May also affect blood.
    Ingestion: May be harmful if swallowed. Can cause digestive/gastrointestinal tract irritation.

Section 12. Ecological Information
    Ecotoxicity        Not available.    
    BOD5 and COD        Not available.    
    Products of Biodegradation        Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation    
    products may arise.
    Toxicity of the Products        The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.    
    of Biodegradation
    Not available.
    Special Remarks on the
    Products of Biodegradation
    Potassium Silicate

Section 13. Disposal Considerations
    Waste Disposal        Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental    
    control regulations.

Section 14. Transport Information
    DOT Classification        Not a DOT controlled material (United States).    
    Not applicable.
    Identification
    Not applicable.
    Special Provisions for
    Transport
    DOT (Pictograms)

Section 15. Other Regulatory Information and Pictograms
    California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has
    Federal and State
    found to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm, which would require a warning under the
    Regulations
    statute: Quartz (crystalline silica)
    California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has
    found to cause cancer which would require a warning under the statute: Quartz (crystalline silica)
    TSCA 8(b) inventory: Potassium Silicate; Quartz (crystalline silica)
    California        California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has    
    Proposition 65        found to cause cancer which would require a warning under the statute: Quartz (crystalline silica)    
    Warnings
    California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has
    found to cause birth defects which would require a warning under the statute: No products were found.
    Other Regulations        OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).    
    For CAS no. 1312-76-1:
    EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS
    No. 215-199-1).
    Canada: Listed on Canadian Domestic Substance List (DSL).
    China: Listed on National Inventory.
    Japan: Listed on National Inventory (ENCS).
    Korea: Listed on National Inventory (KECI).
    Philippines: Listed on National Inventory (PICCS).
    Australia: Listed on AICS.
    WHMIS (Canada) CLASS D-2B: Material causing other toxic effects (TOXIC).
    Other Classifications
    DSCL (EEC)        R36/37/38- Irritating to eyes,        S26- In case of contact with eyes, rinse    
    respiratory system and skin.        immediately with plenty of water and seek    
    medical advice.
    S37- Wear suitable gloves.
    Health Hazard
    HMIS (U.S.A.)        2 National Fire Protection    
    0 Flammability
    0 Association (U.S.A.)
    Fire Hazard
    2 0 Reactivity
    Health
    Reactivity
    0
    Specific hazard
    Personal Protection
    E
    WHMIS (Canada)
    (Pictograms)
    Potassium Silicate
    DSCL (Europe)
    (Pictograms)
    TDG (Canada)
    (Pictograms)
    ADR (Europe)
    (Pictograms)
    Protective Equipment
    Gloves.
    Lab coat.
    Dust respirator. Be sure to use an
    approved/certified respirator or
    equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator
    when ventilation is inadequate.


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

硅酸钾 分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:无可用的

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):无可用的

3、等张比容(90.2K):无可用的

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):无可用的

5、介电常数:无可用的

6、极化率(10-24cm3):无可用的

7、单一同位素质量:153.889084 Da

8、标称质量:154 Da

9、平均质量:154.2803 Da

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:4

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积92.2

7.重原子数量:9

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:19.1

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:5

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