1-氯-2-硝基苯

  • 基本信息
  • 制备方法及用途
  • 物化性质
  • 安全信息
  • 毒理性
  • MSDS
  • 结构与计算化学
  • 上游产品
  • 下游产品
  • 表征图谱

1-氯-2-硝基苯 基本信息

中文名称:
1-氯-2-硝基苯 
中文别名:
邻氯硝基苯;
2-氯硝基苯;
邻硝基氯苯,邻硝;
2-硝基氯苯;
邻硝基氯苯;
2-硝基氯化苯;
1-氯-2-硝基苯 
英文名称:
Benzene,1-chloro-2-nitro-
英文别名:
Benzene, 1-chloro-2-nitro-;
1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene;
1-Nitro-2-chlorobenzene;
2-Chloro-1-nitrobenzene;
2-Chloronitrobenzene;
2-Nitro-1-chlorobenzene;
2-Nitrochlorobenzene;
2-Nitrophenyl chloride;
NSC 36934;
ONCB;
o-Chloronitrobenzene;
o-Nitrochlorobenzene 
CAS No.:
88-73-3
分 子 式:
C6H4ClNO2
分 子 量:
157.55
精确分子量:
156.99306
PSA:
45.82000
MDL:
MFCD00007061
EINECS:
201-854-9
BRN:
509273
InChI:
The Key: WBOPYHWKYGIFHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
危险品标志:
ToxicT
风险术语:
R22; R24; R52/53;
安全术语:
S28A;S36/37/39;S38;S45;S60;
分子结构式:
SDS:
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1-氯-2-硝基苯 制备方法及用途

制备方法

重要的有机工业原料,用于制造邻硝基苯酚,邻硝基苯胺,8-羟基喹啉及橡胶助剂等。

合成制备方法

由氯苯经混酸硝化,得到混合硝基氯苯。三种异构体的含量大体是:对硝基氯苯占65%,邻硝基氯苯占30%,间硝基氯苯占1%。工艺过程如下:先将配制好的混酸(含硝酸30%,硫酸56%,水14%)加入硝化锅内。维持温度40-55℃下,慢慢加入氯苯,加毕升温至80℃,搅拌反应2h。静置分层,将上层混合硝基氯苯用水洗、碱洗,水洗后静置分出,于真空加热至100℃干燥,得混合硝基氯苯。然后在结晶器内,将上述干燥后的混合硝基氯苯逐渐降温到15℃,即有大量的对硝基氯苯集于管壁,经加热熔化,收入贮槽,真空精馏,除去氯苯后即得对硝基氯苯。从结晶器下部放出的母液内含对硝基氯苯约35%,邻硝基氯苯64%及少量间硝基氯苯,供进一步分离。将此物精馏分出的粗邻硝基氯苯,再于结晶器内,采用降低结晶器内温度到15℃使之结晶的办法,即得成品。原料消耗定额:对硝基氯苯、氯苯1150kg/t、硝酸672kg/t、硫酸(92.5%)632kg/t。



 

用途简介

用途

邻硝基氯苯是重要的有机合成中间体,可衍生多种中间体。在染料工业中用于制黄色基GC,橙色基GR等; 在助剂方面用于制造橡胶促进剂M及DM等;在香料工业中用于香草醛的合成;农药工业用于生产托布津和甲基托布津、多菌灵;它也是苯并三氮唑类紫外线吸收剂的原料。也是医药的重要中间体。

1-氯-2-硝基苯 物化性质

外观与性状:
淡黄色至黄色铸铁或油性液体
密度:
1.348 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
熔点:
31-33 °C(lit.)
沸点:
246 °C(lit.)
闪点:
>230 °F
水溶解性:
0.43 g/L (20 ºC)
折射率:
1.56747 (35ºC)
蒸汽密度:
5.4 (vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、食品添加剂分开存放
稳定性相关:

进一步硝化生产2,6-和2,4-二硝基氯苯。剧毒!损害人体的造血系统、神经系统,通过人的呼吸系统及皮肤吸收引起人体中毒,空气中的最大容许浓度1mg/m3。

其它信息:

1.  性状:浅黄色针状结晶体。有类似硝基苯气味。

2.  密度(g/cm3):1.348

3.  熔点(ºC):34~35

4.  沸点(ºC,常压):245~246

5.  闪点(ºC):127.22

6.  蒸气压(kPa,119ºC):1.07

7.  溶解性:不溶于水,溶于乙醇、乙醚、苯。

1-氯-2-硝基苯 安全信息

包装等级:
II
风险类别:
6.1
海关代码:
29049085
WGK_Germany:
2
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单
危险类别码:
R22;R24;R52/53
安全说明:
S36/37/39-S45-S60-S38-S28A
RTECS号:
CZ0875000
安全标志:
S45:出现意外或者感到不适,立刻到医生那里寻求帮助(最好带去产品容器标签)。
:
危险标志:
T:Toxic;

1-氯-2-硝基苯 毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
CZ0875000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Benzene, 1-chloro-2-nitro-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
88-73-3
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
26
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C6-H4-Cl-N-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
157.56
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
WNR BG

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
268 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
135 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
280 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
30 mg/m3/6H/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
4500 ppb/6H/13W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
18 ppm/6H/2W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
2300 ppb/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
22 gm/kg/78W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors Endocrine - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
140 gm/kg/78W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
280 gm/kg/78W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
18 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
4500 ppb/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM :
Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION :
100 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(Suppl 1),3,1983 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,263,1996 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,263,1996 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,263,1996 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-POLAND:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4011 No. of Facilities: 42 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 2897 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 662 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

有腐蚀性。可通过呼吸道、消化道、皮肤吸收,侵入人体。对黏膜和皮肤有刺激作用,并引起高铁血红蛋白血症,从而引起组织缺氧。

生态数据:

对水生物有毒,可致使水生物环境长期有害的结果。

1-氯-2-硝基苯 MSDS

第一部分:化学品名称

1-氯-2-硝基苯 分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、   摩尔折射率:37.69

2、   摩尔体积(cm3/mol):113.2

3、   等张比容(90.2K):298.6

4、   表面张力(dyne/cm):48.3

5、   极化率(10-24cm3):14.94

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:2

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积45.8

7.重原子数量:10

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:134

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

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