液体硫化氢

外观与性状：

无色气体带有强烈的臭鸡蛋气味

密度：

1.19 (15ºC. vs air)

熔点：

−85 °C(lit.)

沸点：

−60 °C(lit.)

闪点：

-82ºC

蒸汽密度：

1.19 (15 °C, vs air)

存储条件/存储方法：

库房通风低温干燥,与硝酸、强氧化剂分开存放

稳定性相关：

1.在有机胺中溶解度极大。在苛性碱溶液中也有较大的溶解度。在过量氧气中燃烧生成二氧化硫和水，当氧气供应不足时生成水与游离硫。室温下稳定。可溶于水，水溶液具有弱酸性，与空气接触会因氧化析出硫而慢慢变浑。能在空气中燃烧产生蓝色的火焰并生成SO2和H2O，在空气不足时则生成S和H2O。有剧毒，即使稀的硫化氢也对呼吸道和眼睛有刺激作用，并引起头痛，浓度达1mg/L或更高时，对生命有危险，所以制备和使用H2S都应在通风橱中进行。

2.稳定性^[21]  稳定

3.禁配物^[22]  强氧化剂、碱类

4.聚合危害^[23]  不聚合

其它信息：

1.性状：无色、有恶臭味的气体^[1]

2.pH值：4.5（1%水溶液）^[2]

3.熔点（℃）：-85.5^[3]

4.沸点（℃）：-60.3^[4]

5.相对密度（水=1）：1.54^[5]

6.相对蒸气密度（空气=1）：1.19^[6]

7.饱和蒸气压（kPa）：2026.5（25.5℃）^[7]

8.临界温度（℃）：100.4^[8]

9.临界压力（MPa）：9.01^[9]

10.辛醇/水分配系数：0.23^[10]

11.闪点（℃）：-106^[11]

12.引燃温度（℃）：260^[12]

13.爆炸上限（%）：46.0^[13]

14.爆炸下限（%）：4.0^[14]

15.溶解性：溶于水、乙醇、二硫化碳、甘油、汽油、煤油等。^[15]

风险类别：

2.3

海关代码：

2830909000

WGK_Germany：

2
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单

危险类别码：

R12

安全说明：

S9-S16-S36-S38-S45-S61

RTECS号：

MX1225000

安全标志：

S9:保持容器在一个有良好通风放的场所。
S16:远离火源。
S36:穿戴合适的防护服装。
S38:在通风不良的场所，佩戴合适的呼吸装置。
S45:出现意外或者感到不适，立刻到医生那里寻求帮助（最好带去产品容器标签）。
S61:避免排放到环境中。参考专门的说明/安全数据表。

危险标志：

T+: Very toxic;F+: Highly flammable;N: Dangerous for the environment;

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

MX1225000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Hydrogen sulfide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

7783-06-4

LAST UPDATED :

199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :

50

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

H2-S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

34.08

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

H2 S

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

600 ppm/30M

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

29ZWAE "Practical Toxicology of Plastics," Lefaux, R., Cleveland, OH, Chemical Rubber Co., 1968 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,207,1968

TYPE OF TEST :

LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

5700 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - coma Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema

REFERENCE :

AMPMAR Archives des Maladies Professionnelles de Medecine du Travail et de Securite Sociale. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.7- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 44,483,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

800 ppm/5M

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

TABIA2 Tabulae Biologicae. (The Hague, Netherlands) V.1-22, 1925-63. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,231,1933

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

444 ppm

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased

REFERENCE :

LacHB# Personal Communication from H.B. Lackey, Chemical Products Div., Crown Zellerbach, Camas, WA 98607, June 9, 1978 Volume(issue)/page/year: 09JUN1978

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

634 ppm/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433) Volume(issue)/page/year: TR-72-62,1972

TYPE OF TEST :

LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :

800 ppm/5M

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 138,65,1928 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1200 mg/m3/2H/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

REFERENCE :

GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 14(1),54,1970

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

100 ppm/8H/5W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - cytochrome oxidases (including oxidative phosphorylation)

REFERENCE :

TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,270,1993

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

80 ppm/6H/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - changes in brain weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

REFERENCE :

TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,63,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

80 ppm/6H/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :

TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,63,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

40 mg/m3/5H/30W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation

REFERENCE :

VEOFA6 Vestnik Oftal'mologii. (Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, ul. B. Yakimanka, 39, 117049 Moscow, Russia) V.1-34, 1884-1917; New Series V.1- 1932- Volume(issue)/page/year: 78(1),36,1965 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

20 ppm

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

REFERENCE :

TIHEEC Toxicology and Industrial Health. (Princeton Scientific Pub. Co., POB 2155, Princeton, NJ 08540) V.1- 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,389,1990 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 21 mg/m3 (15 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 14 mg/m3 (10 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail. (Association Professionnelle Belge des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),49,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JOCMA7 Journal of Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.1-9, 1957-67. For publisher information, see:JJOMDZ Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,431,1962 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,132,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):CL 20 ppm;Pk 50/10M CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 10 ppm (14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (14 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (21 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (14 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (21 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 10 ppm (14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 10 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 10 ppm (14 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (20 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:STEL 20 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (14 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (21 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO HYDROGEN SULFIDE-air:CL 10 ppm/10M REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 38620 No. of Facilities: 745 (estimated) No. of Industries: 17 No. of Occupations: 30 No. of Employees: 15422 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 38620 No. of Facilities: 1524 (estimated) No. of Industries: 31 No. of Occupations: 77 No. of Employees: 94923 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 6515 (estimated)

毒理学数据：

1、小鼠、大鼠吸入LC50：634×10-6/1h、712×10-6/1h;大鼠吸入LC50：444×10-6/4h。 硫化氢主要经呼吸道吸收，人吸入（70～150mg/m3）/（1～2h）,出现呼吸道及眼刺激症状, 硫化氢可以麻痹嗅觉神经，吸2～5min后不再闻到臭气。吸入（300mg/m3）/1h,6～8min出现眼急性刺激症状，稍长时间接触引起肺水肿。吸入硫化氢能引起中枢神经系统的抑制，有时由于刺激作用和呼吸的麻痹而导致最终死亡。 在高浓硫化氢中几秒内就会发生虚脱、休克，能导致呼吸道发炎、肺水肿，并伴有头痛、胸部痛及呼吸困难。硫化氢贮存区附近不应有氧化可燃材料、酸或其他腐蚀性材料。避免暴露于高温环境。

2.急性毒性^[16]  LC50：618mg/m³（444ppm）（大鼠吸入）

3.刺激性  暂无资料

4.亚急性与慢性毒性^[17]  家兔吸入0.01mg/L，每天2h，3个月，引起中枢神经系统的机能改变，气管、支气管黏膜刺激症状，大脑皮层出现病理改变。小鼠长期接触低浓度硫化氢，有小气道损害。

5.其他^[18]  LCLo：600ppm（人吸入30min）

生态数据：

1.生态毒性^[19] 

TLm：0.0071~0.55mg/L（96h）（黑头呆鱼）；0.0448~0.0478mg/L（96h）（蓝鳃太阳鱼）

2.生物降解性  暂无资料

3.非生物降解性  暂无资料

4.其他有害作用^[20]  该物质对环境有危害，应注意对空气和水体的污染。

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率：无可用的

2、摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：无可用的

3、等张比容（90.2K）：无可用的

4、表面张力（dyne/cm）：无可用的

5、介电常数：无可用的

6、极化率（10^-24cm³）：无可用的

7、单一同位素质量：33.98772 Da

8、标称质量：34 Da

9、平均质量：34.0809 Da

计算化学数据

1、疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）：0.5

2、氢键供体数量：1

3、氢键受体数量：1

4、可旋转化学键数量：0

5、互变异构体数量：无

6、拓扑分子极性表面积（TPSA）：1

7、重原子数量：1

8、表面电荷：0

9、复杂度：0

10、同位素原子数量：0

11、确定原子立构中心数量：0

12、不确定原子立构中心数量：0

13、确定化学键立构中心数量：0

14、不确定化学键立构中心数量：0

15、共价键单元数量：1

• 
  硫化氢核磁图(¹³CNMR)